Risk behaviors and their associated adverse health outcomes are becoming increasingly problematic among HIV-infected youth. This study is being conducted to test whether a brief motivational enhancement (ME) intervention will help reduce health risk behaviors (drug and alcohol use, sexual risk behavior, poor adherence to medications) among HIV+ youth.
Inclusion Criteria: * HIV infection as documented by professional referral and medical record review. HIV+ participants who are self-referred and not in medical care will be required to provide documentation of test results. * Males or females between the age of 16 years and 0 days and 24 years and 364 days at the time of study enrollment. * Reports having ever engaged in at least 2 of the following 3 behaviors based on screening questionnaire: * taken prescribed antiretroviral medications, OR been told by his/her physician that he/she should be on antiretroviral medications (whether he/she takes them or not); * vaginal or anal sex, OR * alcohol or drug use. * At least one of the 3 aforementioned behaviors are currently at a problem level, based on screening questionnaire: * taking currently prescribed antiretroviral medications \<90 % of the time in the last month, * having unprotected intercourse within the last 3 months, * demonstrating problem level alcohol and/or drug use as measured during screening. * Able to understand spoken and written English sufficiently to provide consent/assent and be interviewed and participate in study intervention. * Not intending to relocate out of the current geographical area for the duration of study participation. Exclusion Criteria: * History of any psychiatric thought disorder (e.g., schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder). * Currently involved in behavioral research (assessment or intervention) targeting adherence, sexual risk, or alcohol and/or drug substance abuse OR currently involved in a substance abuse treatment program.