How effectively intravenous nalbuphine can reduce the incidence of PONV after intrathecal administration of morphine in abdominoplastic surgery.
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Inclusion Criteria: * Patients undergoing abdominoplasty under spinal anesthesia * American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class I and II. Exclusion Criteria: * allergy to local anesthetics * bleeding diatheses * local infection or sepsis