Ketogenesis is a physiologic phenomenon due to starvation or ketogenic diet (KD), a drastic restricted carbohydrate dietary regimen that induces lipid metabolism and ketone body (KB) synthesis. We followed, in a dietician clinical setting, a group of migraineurs who randomly received a one-month prescription of experimental diet, followed by a one-month of carbohydrate progressive reintroduction, then another one-month of experimental diet, followed by a one-month of carbohydrate progressive reintroduction. Experimental diets are a very-low calorie KD, or an isocaloric non-ketogenic diet. Aim of our study is verify if during ketogenesis migraine improves.
Inclusion Criteria: * kept a headache diary for at least 1 month * migraine disease onset before the age of 50 * at least one migraine attack per month in the last 3 months * \<15 days/month with headaches. Exclusion Criteria: * prophylactic treatment in the previous 3 months * over consumption of acute anti-migraine medication (triptan, analgesic, or ergotamine) * pregnancy or lactation * type I diabetes * serious organic or psychiatric disorders that the investigators judged as having the potential to influence the trial evaluation.