Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of intermittent fasting (IF) and the Mediterranean diet (MD) on weight loss in obese adults. Methods: A total of 120 adults diagnosed with obesity were enrolled. Baseline data on physical activity and dietary intake were collected through structured interviews. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups for a 4-week intervention. The IF group followed a time-restricted eating schedule (16:8), while the MD group followed a structured plan of three main meals and three snacks daily. Both diets included a 500-calorie daily reduction from estimated energy needs. Anthropometric measurements were recorded at baseline and week 4.
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Inclusion Criteria: * BMI ≥ 30 kg/m² * absence of chronic diseases * no regular use of medications * non smokers * non alcohol users * not pregnant or breastfeeding * no history of bariatric surgery * no significant weight fluctuations (±5 kg) in the past 6 months * no pregnancy plans during the study period Exclusion Criteria: * BMI \< 30 kg/m² * Presence of any diagnosed chronic disease (e.g., diabetes, cardiovascular disease, thyroid disorders, renal or hepatic disease) * Regular use of medications that could affect metabolism, appetite, or body weight * Smoking or alcohol consumption * Pregnancy or breastfeeding during the study period * History of bariatric or other weight-related surgical procedures * Significant weight changes (gain or loss ≥5 kg) within the past 6 months * Planning pregnancy during the study period * Inability or unwillingness to comply with dietary intervention and follow-up requirements